Working principle of abrasive water jet machining process

In this machining process a high speed steam of water jet impinge on the work piece which removes metal from contact surface by erosion. It implies to all the important segments of manufacturing sector from extraction of raw material to supply chain. Water jet machining wjm is a mechanical energy based nontraditional machining process used to cut and machine soft and nonmetallic materials it involves the use of high velocity water jet to smoothly cut a soft workpiece. Abrasive jet machining consists of several parts like. Abrasive jet machining working, advantages, disadvantages and. Wjm can be used to cut softer materials like plastic, rubber or wood. Abrasive water jet machining awjm is an advanced machining process and has a potential to cut a wide range of engineering materials. Nontraditional machining processestypes,explanation,adv. In this cutting process, a thin, high velocity water jet accelerates abrasive particles that are directed through an abrasive water jet nozzle at the material to be cut.

The kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy including high stresses in the work material. They are important because introduction they can be used on all types of materials ranging from soft metals to hardened steels and hard nonmetallic materials such as. Abrasive jet machining is a nontraditional machining process which is mostly used in machining of hardened metals. Awjm combines abrasive jet machining with water jet machining wjm to create. Common uses include cutting heatsensitive, brittle, thin, or hard materials. Ice jet machining is an important sustainable variant of abrasive water jet machining awjm which ensures the environmentally friendly cutting, finishing, cleaning, and deburring of a variety of materials. Water jet machining an overview sciencedirect topics. Working principles equipment used process parameters mrrvariation in techniques used applications. The abrasive does the cutting through a mechanical sawing action, leaving a smooth, precision cut surface. May 12, 2017 ecm working is opposite to the electrochemical or galvanic coating or deposition process.

This method utilizes high speed stream of abrasive particles which are carried by a high pressure air or gas on the work material through a nozzle device. Ultrahigh pressure water is fired through a ruby or diamond orifice into a mixing chamber which creates a vacuum and draws garnet sand into the water stream. Within this nozzle is a mixing chamber within which a partial vacuum is created as the water passes through. The time spent on ultrasonic machine entirely depends on the frequency of the vibrating tool. Abrasive water jet machining awjm is a mechanical material removal process used to erode holes and cavities by the impact of abrasive particles of the slurry on hard and brittle materials. Waterjet is the most versatile process, because it is able to cut almost any type of material. Introduction to abrasive water jet machining request pdf. A water jet cutter, also known as a water jet or waterjet, is an industrial tool capable of cutting a wide variety of materials using a very highpressure jet of water, or a mixture of water and an abrasive substance. As the thin stream of water leaves the nozzle, abrasive is added to the stream and mixed. Nontraditional machining method is an advanced method used to overcome the problems of traditional machining methods.

Water jet machining wjm and abrasive water jet machining awjm are. An abrasive gun is used to supply an abrasive slurry, which is a mixture of abrasive grain and the water in between toolworkpiece interface under a definite pressure. Abrasive jet machining ajm, also known as microabrasive blasting, is a mechanical energy based unconventional machining process used to remove unwanted material from a given workpiece. Optimization of abrasive water jet machining process parameters using taguchi grey relational analysis tgra 83 conclude that the performance characteristics of the awjm process namely hydraulic pressure, abrasive mass flow rate, standoff distance and traverse rate are improved together by using gra. Water jet machining wjm is a cold machining process by using high.

Apr 01, 2017 today we will learn about water jet machining and abrasive water jet machining principle, working, equipments, application, advantages and disadvantages with its diagram. In water jet machining wjm process, water jets alone without abrasives can be used for cutting. In abrasive jet machining abrasive particles are made to impinge on work material at high velocity. Inside the nozzle the pressurized water passes through a smalldiameter orifice and forms a coherent jet of water. In this process, a highspeed wellconcentrated water jet is used to cut the metal. Abrasive jet machining ajm working principle and process parameters applications of abrasive jet machining. The process of water jet cutting performance waterjet pwj. Jan 19, 2017 abrasive water jet machining developed in 1974 to clean metal prior to surface treatment of the metal. The method extends the same equipment as that used for pure waterjet cutting, with the addition of an abrasive feeder and a cutting head. High velocity impact of an abrasive particle causes a tiny brittle fracture on the work surface and the flowing gases carries away the dislodged small workpiece particle. Working principle of ultrasonic machining the figure shows the ultrasonic machining operation. This process works on the basic principle of water erosion. Introduction to water jet machining process advantages and.

Abrasive water jet machining was introduced to manufacturing ten years ago and has been increasingly used for treating hardtomachine and multilayered materials and as an alternative tool for milling, turning, drilling and polishing. Abrasivejet machining ajm modern machining process. It consists of an electromechanical transducer connected to the ac supply. Hello everyone welcome to engineers academy topics covered. There are six main process characteristics to water jet cutting. Lecture video 18 of advanced machining processes course by prof vijay k. The nontraditional machining methods include, ultrasonic machining, laser beam machining, water jet machining, abrasive water jet machining, electron beam machining, etc. Water jet cutting uses an ultrahigh pressure stream of water to carry an abrasive grit. Limitations include materials that are highly brittle, such as tempered glass and some ceramics. Working principle of abrasive jet machining ajm process in.

The jet then passes through a venturi section where a metered amount of granular abrasive is drawn into the water stream. It is highly critical that both nozzles should be aligned to avoid losing power in the process. Water jet machining wjm called hydrodynamic or equipment may be used for applications similar to the laser. Abrasive water jet machining was introduced to manufacturing ten years ago and has. The mixture of water and abrasive particles passes through a special ceramic mixing tube and the resulting abrasive water slurry exits the nozzle as a coherent cutting stream of abrasive particles traveling at very high speed. The working of water jet machining can be summarize as follow. Jun 07, 2018 hello everyone welcome to engineers academy topics covered. Water from the reservoir is pumped to the intensifier using a hydraulic pump. Applications, advantages, and disadvantages of abrasive. The basic working principle employed in abrasive jet machining is shown in the above figure. If a high velocity abrasive particles strike on a hard or brittle work piece, it remove some metal at the striking surface.

This water jet sends to strike at the work surface. Water jet machining working principle, advantages and disadvantages harishreddy parinam. Waterjets typically come as complete systems, including the highpressure water pump, a system to precisely position the waterjet nozzle, a tank to catch the waste water, and an abrasive feed system. Principle, working, equipments, application, advantages and disadvantages.

Let us see in details about the process and then different components its advantages. In abrasive jet machining, a focused stream of abrasive particles, carried by high pressure air or gas is made to impinge on the work surface through a nozzle and the work material is made to impinge on the work surface through a nozzle and work material is removed by erosion by high velocity abrasive particles. So, in brief this is the working principle of this particular process. Water jet machining working principle, advantages and.

Water jet machining wjm is a cold machining process by using high pressure water jet for various operations such as cutting, drilling, cleaning, finishing, polishing, wire striping, removal of road stripes, etc. Advanced machining processes online course video lectures. Chemical machining working principle, application, advantages. The mechanism of material removal rate is by erosion. The use of the technique is on the increase, so this work is part of an. Abrasive jet machining working, advantages, disadvantages and applications construction in abrasive jet machining, the gases employed are usually air and nitrogen. In order to cut harder materials like metals or granite, an abrasive material is mixed in the water.

Introduction to water jet machining process advantages and disadvantages introduction to water jet machining. In abrasivejet machining ajm material is removed by the impact of a high velocity stream of gases and abrasive mixture focused on to the workpiece. Process principle the mixing of abrasive particles in water jet is in such a. The process makes use of an abrasive jet with high velocity, to remove material and provide smooth surface finish to hard metallic workpieces.

May 20, 2017 water jet machining wjm also called water jet cutting, is a nontraditional machining process in which highvelocity jet of water is used to remove materials from the surface of the workpiece. Sep 15, 2016 on this channel you can get education and knowledge for general issues and topics. Sep 01, 2015 working principle of ultrasonic machining. Uses a high velocity stream of ultra high pressure water 30,00090,000 psi 210620 mpa which is produced by a high pressure pump with possible abrasive particles suspended in the stream. In this article, you will find the basic principle, equipments used for, its descriptions, process parameters, material removal rate mrr and its applications with merits and demerits. Jun 29, 2017 in water jet machining wjm process, water jets alone without abrasives can be used for cutting. When an abrasive material is used in the water for the machining process than it is called abrasive water jet machining.

A highspeed high pressurize water jet is available at the nozzle exit. Application of pure water jet machining for improving surface finish of parts fabricated by abrasive water jet machining 5362 lateral distance between the single kerfpasses is the main parameter in this process laurinat et al. Nozzle converts some pressure energy of water into kinetic energy. In the water jet machining process a hydraulic pump is used to pump.

Abrasive water jet machining technology uses a jet of high pressure and velocity water and abrasive slurry to cut the target material by means of erosion. Principles of abrasive water jet machining springerlink. As the name implies, it is used to increase the water pressure for further process. The principles of abrasive water jet cutting are similar to pure water jet cutting, but once the stream has passed through the orifice it enters a carbide nozzle. This process works on basic principle of water erosion.

This metal removal process takes place due to brittle fracture of metal and also due to micro cutting by abrasive particle. Because of this, waterjets are unlimited in what they can cut. Mar 29, 2017 today we will learn about abrasive jet machining principle, working, equipments, application, advantages and disadvantages with its diagram. On this channel you can get education and knowledge for general issues and topics. Pure water cutting june 16, 2016 mainpath news comments off on waterjets. Explanations are given as the book follows the development of an abrasive water jet machining process, from tool generation through to machining results, supervision and control.

It uses the kinetic energy of water particle to erode metal at the contact surface. In this video we have explained working of arasive jet machining process, we have seen the working principle. There are two types of water jet cutting processes. Ajm is suitable for machining heat sensitive material like silicon, gallium because the heat generation during the machining is very low. How waterjet works waterjet technology is a cold cutting process which cuts by using supersonic water, or water and abrasive, to erode material. The abrasive jet machining process involves the application of a highspeed stream of abrasive particles assisted by the pressurized air on. When an abrasive material is used in the water for the machining process than it is called abrasive water jet machining awjm. It is truly a versatile, productive, cold cutting process. Multiobjective optimization of abrasive waterjet machining process.

How an abrasive jet machining works engineers academy. Hydraulic intensifier accepts water from the pump at a small pressure. The intensifier increases the pressure of the water to the required level. Pdf principles of abrasive water jet machining researchgate. The electronic oscillator and amplifier, also known as the generator, converts the available electrical energy of low frequency to highfrequency power of the order of 20 khz which is supplied to the transducer. Schematic representation of functioning of an abrasive water jet awj nozzle system. The mixture of water and abrasive particles passes through a special ceramic mixing tube and the resulting abrasive water slurry exits the nozzle as a coherent cutting stream of abrasive particles. Abrasive machining involves material removal by the action of hard, abrasive particles. The erosive power of an abrasive water jet makes it considerably more powerful than a water only jet. Dec 05, 20 process principle an abrasive jet starts out the same as a pure water jet. This chapter provides an understanding of awjm process.

Abrasive jet machining ajm is one of the advanced machining processes mechanical energy based where a high velocity jet of abrasives is utilized to remove material from work surface by impact erosion. Ajm is suitable for machining heat sensitive material like silicon, gallium because the heat generation during the machining is very low ajm can be used for cleaning purposes. Principles of abrasive water jet machining andreas w. May 24, 2014 are you looking for detailed notes on working principle of abrasive jet machining ajm process. It also depends on the size of grains of the abrasive slurry, the rigidity and the viscosity as well. Abrasive waterjet cutting is essentially an accelerated erosion process.

Working principle of awjm the cutter is commonly connected to a high pressure water pump where the water is then ejected from the nozzle, cutting through the material by spraying it with the jet of high speed water. It uses water jet working as a tool to cut the metal. Abrasive jet machining ajm process, parameters, equipment. In order to cut harder materials like metals or granite, an abrasive material is. Abrasive jet machining water jet machining abrasive water jet machining ultrasonic machining. In this video we have explained working of arasive jet machining process, we have seen the working principle, equipments used. Thin jets of high pressure and high velocity have been used to cut materials such wood, coal, textiles, rocks, concrete, asbestos. Common uses include cutting heatsensitive, brittle, thin, or. Abrasive jet machining ajm, also known as abrasive microblasting, pencil blasting and micro abrasive blasting, is an abrasive blasting machining process that uses abrasives propelled by a high velocity gas to erode material from the workpiece.

The added abrasives in the water jet increase the range of cutting materials, which can be cut with a water jet drastically. It is one of the most famous nontraditional machining process because it is environment friendly. Process principle an abrasive jet starts out the same as a pure water jet. Abrasive jet machining working, advantages, disadvantages. This methodical journey through the field is marked by drawings, graphs and tables, many of which are being published here for the first time. This is known as gaseous chemical machining or hot chlorine machining and can be used for deburring of metal parts. This is a whole working process of waterjet machining. Chemical machining for some special purposes can also be achieved by using a jet of reactive gas, e. Water jet machine widely used for cutting plastic, cloth, rubber, paper and leather, because. During electrochemical machining process, the reactions take place at the electrodes i. Pure water cutting waterjet machining is an innovative cutting method, and one of the fastestgrowing processes for machining today, thanks to its ease of use and versatility. This is principle process of abrasive jet machining. Applications, advantages, and disadvantages of abrasive jet.

The beam of water accelerates abrasive particles to speeds fast enough to cut through much harder materials. Abrasives used are aluminium oxide, silicon carbide, glass powder and sodium carbonate. Get an overview of ajm process, mechanism, parameters, equipment, mrr, accuracy, capability, pros and cons, applications, controlling, etc. Principle of water jet machinethis process works on the basic principle of water erosion. The abrasive jet machining is the process of impinging the highspeed stream of abrasive particles by highpressure gas or air on the work surface through a nozzle and metal removal occurs due to erosion caused by highspeed abrasive particles. Abrasive jet machining ajm utilizes a high velocity jet of abrasives to remove material from work surface by impact erosion. Introduction to water jet machining process advantages. The use of abrasives to shape parts is probably the oldest material removal process.